Selenium as a biostimulant in the growth and yield of Brassica oleracea
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Broccoli (Brassica oleracea) is a horticultural crop with high nutritional and economic value that is sensitive to the availability of essential micronutrients. In order to determine the biostimulant effect of selenium on crop growth and yield, a trial was conducted under controlled conditions in the greenhouse of the Faculty of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences of the Quevedo State Technical University, “La María” campus (65 m above sea level). A completely randomized design was applied with four treatments (0, 3, 5, and 7 mg L⁻¹ of selenium) and five replicates. The results showed that the 7 mg L⁻¹ treatment promoted the highest vegetative development and yield, registering averages of 54.30 cm in height, 5.55 cm in stem diameter, 20 leaves per plant, 297.96 g head weight, 9.26 cm equatorial diameter, and 19,847.62 kg ha⁻¹ yield, with a profitability of 159%. In contrast, the control had 8,415.4 kg ha⁻¹ and the lowest profitability (17.88%). It is concluded that the application of selenium acts as a physiological biostimulant, significantly improving the growth, productivity, and economic efficiency of broccoli, making it a sustainable agronomic strategy with the potential to optimize intensive horticultural systems.
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