Correlation between pH Variability and Dissolved Oxygen in Fish Ponds in Amazonian Waters, CEIPA-UEA, Napo
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The study examines the correlation between pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) in five fishponds at the Amazonian Experimental Research and Production Centre (CEIPA-UEA), Napo Province, Ecuador. Weekly samples were collected over a period of 24 months, using a calibrated HACH HQ40D multi-meter, following the NTE INEN 2169:2013 standard. The analyses revealed a strong positive moderate correlation according to the Pearson coefficient (r = 0.7547; R² = 0.5696). It was found that 57% of the variability in DO is explained by changes in pH. The coefficients for each pond ranged from r = 0.64 (Pond D) to r = 0.78 (Pond A), showing consistent upward linear trends and the presence of outliers associated with diurnal fluctuations. The t-test confirmed significant differences between the means (t = -5.032; p < 0.001), although pH and DO respond differently to chemical and biological environmental factors. These results align with patterns observed in tropical aquaculture systems, where daytime photosynthesis simultaneously raises both parameters, while nocturnal respiration reduces them. The unexplained variability (43%) highlights the influence of additional factors such as temperature, solar radiation, and organic load. The study emphasises the importance of integrated monitoring for the sustainability of Amazonian aquaculture and a multidimensional approach to managing fish farming productivity in the región.
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