Calibración neurolingüística: revisión crítica desde la psicología basada en la evidencia
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En Programación Neurolingüística, la calibración se presenta como la capacidad de reconocer estados internos mediante la observación de señales verbales y no verbales. Esta revisión examinó críticamente su delimitación conceptual, operacionalización y respaldo empírico desde la psicología basada en evidencia. Se desarrolló una revisión bibliográfica crítica estructurada, de carácter documental, analítico y comparativo. La búsqueda se realizó entre diciembre de 2025 y febrero de 2026 en Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, PsycINFO y Google Scholar, y se actualizó el 20 de julio de 2026. El corpus final estuvo conformado por 28 documentos. El análisis mostró que la calibración reúne operaciones distintas, como observar cambios conductuales, atribuirles un significado psicológico y ajustar la comunicación, sin diferenciarlas de forma estable. Tampoco se identificaron una definición operacional compartida, instrumentos específicos con respaldo psicométrico suficiente ni criterios uniformes para comprobar la exactitud de las inferencias. Además, se observó un amplio solapamiento con la comunicación no verbal, el reconocimiento emocional, la precisión empática y la percepción interpersonal. Se concluye que la calibración puede conservar utilidad como orientación práctica para atender a los cambios que ocurren durante una interacción, pero todavía no reúne las condiciones conceptuales y metodológicas necesarias para sostenerse como un constructo psicológico autónomo.
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