Studies that reflect on the evolution, adaptation and relevance of methodological approaches to the challenges of the current context. In scenarios marked by uncertainty, accelerated digitalization, social transformations and demands for scientific rigor, this volume offers a space for critical analysis and methodological innovation. The articles presented explore both traditional methods and emerging proposals, addressing their applications, limitations and potential in various areas of knowledge. Mixed approaches, participatory designs, digital techniques and adaptive models that respond to the complexity of the contemporary world are highlighted. This issue invites us to rethink methodology not only as a set of techniques, but as a dynamic construction that evolves with the problems, contexts and purposes of scientific research.